Pozzolanic activity of tiles, bricks and ceramic sanitary-ware in eco-friendly Portland blended cements

Reusing ceramic waste as a pozzolanic admixture may offer environmental benefits it allows the reduction in consumption of natural resources and energy, CO2 emissions associated with Portland cement (PC) production, while valorising materials long biodegradation period. This paper assessed activity three different types: red clay bricks (RCB), tiles (TCW) sanitary-ware (CSW). After adapting their particle size by crushing milling, each was used to replace 0 50 wt% PC (CEM I 42.5 R type). The milled powders were characterised laser diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) diffraction (XRD), consistency setting time tests investigate fresh behaviour waste/PC blended pastes. A basic sustainability analysis performed, RCB, TCW CSW compressive strength (performed mortars cured at room temperature from 3 365 days) microstructural analyses (thermogravimetry, XRD FESEM performed pastes 20 °C for 28 90 days). reaction these improved curing time, all prepared up 25 or met mechanical requirements set out coal fly ashes, whatever type used. Among them, results open possibility partially replacing closest available waste, which would reduce economic cost deriving transporting waste.